Qin Shi Huang In Society And Modern Media History Essay

Qin Shi Huang In Society And Modern Media History Essay Researchers banter over Qin Shi Huang Dis heritage that he left after his rule 2,200 years back. Toward the western open, he has been seen as a frustrated, eager for power, overbearing man whose desire for interminability he looked for achieved the covered inheritance of great, heated dirt models dating from before the introduction of Christ. Over the most recent 50 years or somewhere in the vicinity, his history has been re-broke down into a goliath of an authentic figure in Chinese history practically equal to Alexander the Great and Caesar folded into one. By merciless power of will, he bound warring states together and sew them into a firmly brought together framework, normalized Chinas language and law, and constructed significant structures, for example, the early Great Wall of China. Indeed, even the style of his coinage, round with a square-molded opening in the center, went on until the beginning of Communist principle. Scarcely any different rulers have so formed the ligame nts of their nation. In any case, these accomplishments could not hope to compare to his most noteworthy inheritance, the foundation of an organization that would get by for more than 2,000 and would be the biggest on the planet, staffed by taught men and coming to the least worker in the land (Wood). The view held by the western open mirrors the darker parts of his life. In spite of his huge changes in the financial and political frameworks of China, he additionally earned the notoriety of being an abusive and marginal crazy ruler, the most regularly refered to model being the Great Wall of China, which was worked with a huge number of recruited laborers in such a little time span, that thousands were exhausted to their demises. (A significant number of these laborers are accepted to be really covered inside the Great Wall) Perhaps probably the best story that represented these crazy and oppressive inclinations is one in regards to his fixation on interminability. While trying to a cquire the legendary mixture of life, he dispatched a great many individuals to Penglai mountain. At the point when none returned (on the grounds that disappointment implied execution), he sent another endeavor comprising of three men, just to be offered the weak reason that they had been terrified off by a massive fish. He properly set off to shoot it with a rehashing crossbow, however notwithstanding his endeavors, the solution kept on evading him. His next endeavor, eternality pills, comprising of mercury, which his chemists guaranteed would present a similar force that the substance showed in engrossing gold, would demonstrate deadly. The line he had vowed to keep going for a large number of years would scarcely battle as the decade progressed. The foundation of Chinas current adjustment of the view of Qin Shi Huang Di roots from the likenesses inferred between Qin Shi Huang Di and Mao Ze Dong. Both were persuasive pioneers who joined China in their critical crossroads. Qin Shi Huang Di joined China following a multi year time span, known as the Warring States time frame, making a political element unmistakable as the China we know today. Similarily, Mao Ze Dong joined a war-torn China following the breakdown Qing line, figuring out how to make solidness in a land which was utilized as World War IIs combat zone. In any case, the similitudes don't end there. Qin Shi Huang Di was likewise know for his enormous open works ventures, frequently enlisting countless specialists to the detriment of a huge number of lives à ¿to complete extraordinary designing wonders, for example, the Great Wall of China, the Lingqu Canal, and the Mausoleum of the First Emperor. Mao Ze Dong likewise requested immense open works ventures, for examp le, dams, channels and other foundation ventures, which a large number of laborers and detainees had been compelled to drudge on and by and large bite the dust for. Be that as it may, these undertakings regularly demonstrated pointless as they had been worked without the contribution of prepared specialists, whom Mao had dismissed on ideological grounds. Different strategies set out during Maos rule equal Qin Shi Huang Dis activities during his rule. For instance, both were very notable for their mistreatment of educated people in their domains that Mao would later be cited as boasting: He [Qin Shi Huang Di] covered 460 researchers alive; we have covered 46,000 researchers alive. As Tun Dun, the melodic writer for Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon and Hero, would put it, Qin Shi Huang Di was basically similar to Mao Zedong. He brought together China. He made the language, made the estimating framework, made the cash. With these likenesses, it would shock no one that the Communist party, similarly as it has secured the notoriety of Mao so as to guard both the authenticity of his administration and the establishment of the Communist government in China, would ensure the notoriety of Qin Shi Huang Di along these lines in case Mao be contrasted with Qin Shi Huang Di from a recorded perspective. The Communist government has normally edited outside movies, a training totally strange to Americans. Rather than a free discourse provision in their equal Constitution, the Communist government is permitted totally command over the media universe of China. Particularly with outside movies, the Communist government utilizes a rundown of measures to screen the film from the accompanying properties: Analysis against social request and government Interruption on the solidarity of different ethnicities of the state Jeopardize the power and regional of the state. Jeopardize security of the state; hurt the open notoriety and interests of the state. Disturb the solidarity of different nationalities of the state Uncover a state mystery Supporter wrong sexual relationship; abuse moral norm, or indecent substance; having solid visual incitement; entice individuals degeneration Backer eccentric conviction; offense against social request Backer viciousness; claim individuals scorn respect of law; entice wrongdoing; disturb open security In the event that neglecting to meet any of these prerequisites, the film is normally prohibited from the nation. While the Communist government has since a long time ago had a fortress on outside movies and has increased a solid notoriety as of late for its limitation of remote movies, local movies face much nearer investigation. While outside films must be screened by blue pencils, residential creations must present their plots and last item for endorsement. The assessment time frame for exploring in the initial step is 15 days, inspect charges depend on government strategy in various case. In second step, makers get reaction from oversight office for substance ought to be adjusted. Last, after change made as needs be, creation will be sent back to survey by restriction division. On the off chance that substance has been adjusted in like manner, the film will at that point be ensured to be communicated. Furthermore, if movie producers who are not concur with the assessment, they ar e permitted to apply for investigating no later than 30 days of the first run through accommodation. As a result of this severe screening process, huge numbers of Chinas unmistakable producers have crossed paths with the edits, (for example, a portion of the movies referenced beneath). Be that as it may, the socialist governments capacity to square undesirable material has shriveled, because of the Internet and an underground market that made duplicates of unapproved motion pictures accessible. Hit films regularly create a huge number of bootleg market duplicates, and are commonly broadly accessible on pilfered DVDs. As the administration controls a significant part of the significant media inside China today, Qin Shi Huang Dis inheritance and current recognition is modified dependent on his depiction in present day news sources. à ¿Filmography is maybe the least complex approach to contact significant crowds. An advanced wonder that can in a split second arrive at a huge number of watchers without a moment's delay in not more than days, it goes to nothing unexpected that Qin Shi Huangs most prominent appearances in present day media are in motion pictures. The latest film to depict Qin Shi Huang Di or reference him would be The Mummy Returns: The Tomb of the Dragon Emperor. Notwithstanding, this film won't be talked about because of the way that it is a completely Western-Based film and consequently, including no immediate impact from the Chinese government and Chinese executives. It is intriguing to take note of that in this film, a significant number of Emperor Hans signature viewpoints, for example, earthenware warriors or fixation on everlasting status are dependent on Qin Shi Huang Di. The Myth, the following latest standard Chinese film to highlight Qin Shi Huang Di is in reality coordinated by a Chinese (Hong Kong) executive. Notwithstanding, Qin Shi Huang Di correspondingly assumes a scarcely supporting job (his persona not in any event, being seen once in the whole film). Be that as it may, his fixation on everlasting status and his enormous sepulcher are referenced too. At last, Hero, the third latest film to highlight Qin Shi Huang Di really includes the ruler on a somewhat significant level. On at any rate three levels, The Hero disregarded the accord of todays Chinese crowd. To begin with, standard people groups basic judgment, which has gone on for a large number of years, that Qin Shi Huang Di was a despot, and that dictators ought to be censured. In spite of the fact that the yearning for a generous ruler suggested in this view is as yet an aching under dictatorial standard, the judgment of oppression is all inclusive. In any case, the film Hero is expected to turn around the pubic view towards Qin Shi Huang Di, and conflicts with the estimation of the crowd. Saint depends on a position that turns around the judgment towards dictators. It takes the point of view not of the larger part yet of a small gathering of individuals. Second, normal people groups general perspective on hand to hand fighting saints. You need to take care of the purported meandering in the wild, however by following through on the cost you free your heart and soul, and understand the longing to be responsible for your own life. People groups general longing for combative techniques and acknowledgment of it depend on this yearning for opportunity. Yet, in Hero, when Can Jian and Wu Ming surrender their concept of killing Qin Shi Huang Di, apparently it denotes a greatness of their own disdain. Notwithstanding, in all actuality it harmonizes with the sovereigns individual aspiration, that the world under paradise is the world managed by the child of paradise, a

Response To Aol Controversy :: essays research papers

Reaction To AOL Controversy      The article "America Online, while you can" by Bob Woods is about the hubbub concerning the way that America Online, or AOL, has not had the option to suit its immense measure of clients. This is because of AOL's new level rate, which subbed their unique hourly arrangement. Numerous AOL clients experience occupied signals when attempting to sign on. When and on the off chance that they do jump on AOL, the administration runs incredibly moderate in light of the over-burden of clients. Woods compromises that AOL will lose a significant number of their clients in the event that they don't improve their assets. Other organizations should amplify their publicizing and attempt to trade out by focusing on the unsatisfied AOL clients. These days of web use, individuals in some random area can look over at any rate fifteen national organizations, for example, sprintlink, compuserve, ameritech, erols, etc. Utilizing these administrations are more affordable than America Online. Every month for boundless use they normal at around $10 to $15 dollars rather than AOL's powerful $19.95 every month. AOLers are paying for the engaging menus, designs and administrations AOL uses to drive their clients to the web. These equivalent highlights can be found anyplace else on the net with the help of any hunt gadget, for example, infoseek, hurray, microsoft system or web- crawler. These destinations are no harder to utilize and they give heaps of supportive menus and data.      In Wood's article, he expresses that he lives in Chicago, and AOL has a few distinctive access numbers to attempt on the off chance that one is occupied. He composes that regularly at the point when he has attempted to sign on utilizing the entirety of the accessible numbers, has still been fruitless. This is an issue for him since he is subject to AOL to "do the everyday routine of (his) work as a correspondent and PM overseeing editor." If I was not happy with the presentation of my internet service, which happens to be sprintlink, I would not grumble to the organization. I would take my cash somewhere else, particularly if my activity relied upon utilizing the web. With the entirety of the different alternatives accessible, sat around and unavoidable dissatisfaction utilizing AOL could be dispensed with. I live in Richmond, Va., which is a genuinely large city and have not once been logged off or gotten a bustling sign utilizing sprintlink. What's more, I just have one access line accessible with my supplier rather than AOL's various lines. I concur with Woods in the way that individuals will (much of the time) get better web access and client care with a neighborhood, littler or more

Understanding Learned Helplessness and Anxiety

Understanding Learned Helplessness and Anxiety GAD Symptoms Print Understanding Learned Helplessness and Anxiety By William Meek Updated on February 07, 2020 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Hero Images / DigitalVision / Getty Images Learned helplessness is a state that animals can get in when they regularly meet negative stimuli when they try to escape. After a time, they stop trying to escape completely, assuming that it is hopeless and they are unable to change the situation. This can become so prevalent that even when an escape is presented, they are unable or unwilling to take advantage of it. This concept of learned helplessness plays a large role in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). If you continually feel helpless due to your anxiety, you may give up looking for a solution, accepting the current state as inevitable and unchanging. Continued inaction can cause you to refuse therapy or medication, even when those things could make a considerable difference. Learned Helplessness and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Learned helplessness often begins at a young age, such as during childhood. Scientists hypothesize that distant parenting can worsen learned hopelessness and anxiety, as the child learns early on that they are helpless and that their parents will not come to their aid. In addition, growing up with parents who suffer from learned helplessness themselves can lead to the child developing it, too. Over time, as the child ages, he will likely see his situation as being set and determined, unable to be changed. Particularly if he has anxiety, this can be incredibly persistent. He becomes so used to his anxious state of mind that he cannot imagine any other way of living or that recovery could be possible. The Vicious Cycle The learned helplessness and anxiety symptoms can be a vicious cycle. If the child is anxious and cant be soothed, he feels like nothing can be done and learned helplessness sets in. The more he accepts it as inevitable, the more anxiety takes hold. Symptoms of learned helplessness linked to anxiety include: FrustrationPoor self-esteemDifficulty sleeping Treatment While learned helplessness can be a serious problem, it can be successfully treated if targeted by a mental health professional. Studies have found that if people receive intervention at the onset of learned helplessness, it can be decreased through therapy and coaching. Even at later stages, improvements can be made with regular work. Once this issue is tackled, then treatment for anxiety can begin successfully. Seek Treatment With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Getting Help Not all people with GAD will experience learned helplessness. It develops over the course of time with certain sets of factors at play. Genetic and environmental factors may increase a childs likelihood of developing both GAD and learned helplessness. If you feel you have gotten stuck in a pattern of learned helplessness, visit a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation to get an appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan. Through cognitive behavioral therapy, you will learn how to counter your learned helplessness instincts and replace them with more rational, optimistic thoughts. You may learn to dispute your own assumptions and promote coping skills to manage your symptoms. In some cases, your doctor may recommend medication to help manage your anxiety so that you can concentrate and focus on your treatment.

Generic Conventions of Teen Movies in the 1955 Film Rebel...

Generic Conventions of Teen Movies in the 1955 Film Rebel Without a Cause Rebel without a cause was the first ever film to be targeted at the newly established Teenage audience and caused the creation Teen Movie genre because of its incredible success. The creators of Rebel without a cause saw that there was enormous potential for the teen audience as they had never been targeted before and they had money to spend on entertainment as they had no outgoings at all. The film starred James Dean as Jim Stark the troubled teenager in a new town. He is portrayed as the outsider and the protagonist as he fights his oppressive authoritative figures. James Dean: Role Model for teenagers†¦show more content†¦This is another theme which can be seen in the 1955 Rebel without a cause, as all teenage characters are trying to make it as mature adults. This is a great task for the teenagers as the ideal of the love of your life must be found before the transition is complete. The message of the film is that when love has been found life will be so much easier. This offers social and economical reassurance for the audience that the problems of the teenager can be overcome and that true love can be found. The theme of transition ties in with the sub theme of adulthood and what the right way to be a man is. Youre tearing me apart! [IMAGE]The issue or masculinity is debated in its three character forms: Jims dad shows us how he is emasculated and his role of man has been reversed with Mrs Stark. This is seen as he cleans up the meal he has made for his wife in a piny. Jim himself is portrayed as the picture of perfect masculinity as although he is rebellious he is charming and treats Plato as his surrogate son and Judy as his loving partner. Because of Jims heroism in the film, Jims dads masculinity is restored and he realises that they need to resolve the conflict in the family unit. Plato offers the third view of masculinity as he is portrayed as coward and seems to need someone to replace his Parents who haveShow MoreRelatedStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesDesigns and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some othe r use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, EnglandRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesreproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher

Dont Know Essay - 572 Words

Everyone knows that it is illegal to consume alcohol until the age of 21. Many people are In agreement with this legal restriction. Some would even say that it needs to be raised. Why is 21 the quot;magicalquot; age that makes one intelligent and mature enough to consume alcohol? Surely, some adults abuse alcohol and some teenagers would be perfectly able to drink responsibly. Many have asked the question, should the drinking age be lowered from age twenty-one to age eighteen. The national drinking age for men and woman should remain at age twenty-one. Before 1982 there was no national conformity in the laws dealing with alcohol consumption legal age. Each state had different laws and regulations set on the drinking age. In the†¦show more content†¦The youth is not trained or prepared to take on the burden of responsible drinking. Rather than provided leadership he is subjected to peer pressure encouraging him to act irresponsibly. The draft age and drinking age argument doe s not provide a convincing basis for a change in the law. A second argument often heard supporting a reduction in lowering the drinking age quot;eighteen to twenty year old are going to drink anyway so lower the drinking age.quot; The attached chart shows, quot;Over 75% of eighth grade students have tried alcohol, and 55% of them have tried it by sixth gradequot; While it is obvious that many teen-agers are breaking the law today, this is not advocating a change in the law. quot;It has been argued that laws do not impact or change behavior, but there is strong circumstantial evidence that drinking-driving laws do make a difference. Laws are a statement of the views of society, and the increase of penalties given the clear message that drinking and driving is viewed as a crime against societyquot; (Tatman 1). The fact that laws are sometimes is not justification for changing the laws. Many supporters of a lowering of the legal alcohol age contend that eighteen or nineteen are mature enough to deal with alcohol. This argument is not supported by the facts. quot;Over 40% of all the 16-to-20 year olds who died in 1994 were killed in car crashes. And about half of those wereShow MoreRelatedI Dont Know700 Words   |  3 Pagespreparatory work such as he should make a laser line first or focus on the others competitors. I think Jim`s Porter Strategy is Differentiation Strategy, because Jim`s situation is accord with Differentiation Strategy`s situation. From case we can know, Jim`s products are made of aluminum and plastic, that make his products light weight and durable. These are Jim`s products superiority. Also Jim doesn’t have enough competitors, and his products have excellent quality. 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LAN and Network Mangements Free Essays

string(150) " easily access SNMP information, giving them any information about the network, and also the ability to potentially shut down systems on the network\." Imagine yourself as a network administrator, responsible for a 2000 user network. This network reaches from California to New York, and some branches over seas. In this situation, anything can, and usually does go wrong, but it would be your job as a system administrator to resolve the problem with it arises as quickly as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on LAN and Network Mangements or any similar topic only for you Order Now The last thing you would want is for your boss to call you up, asking why you haven†t done anything to fix the 2 major systems that have been down for several hours. How do you explain to him that you didn†t even know about it? Would you even want to tell him that? So now, picture yourself in the same situation, only this time, you were using a network monitoring program. Sitting in front of a large screen displaying a map of the world, leaning back gently in your chair. A gentle warning tone sounds, and looking at your display, you see that California is now glowing a soft red in color, in place of the green glow just moments before. You select the state of California, and it zooms in for a closer look. You see a network diagram overview of all the computers your company has within California. Two systems are flashing, with an X on top of them indicating that they are experiencing problems. Tagging the two systems, you press enter, and with a flash, the screen displays all the statitics of the two systems, including anything they might have in common causing the problem. Seeing that both systems are linked to the same card of a network switch, you pick up the phone and give that branch office a call, notifying them not only that they have a problem, but how to fix it as well. Early in the days of computers, a central computer (called a mainframe) was connected to a bunch of dumb terminals using a standard copper wire. Not much thought was put into how this was done because there was only one way to do it: they ere either connected, or they weren†t. Figure 1 shows a diagram of these early systems. If something went wrong with this type of system, it was fairly easy to troubleshoot, the blame almost always fell on the mainframe system. Shortly after the introduction of Personal Computers (PC), came Local Area Networks (LANS), forever changing the way in which we look at networked systems. LANS originally consisted of just PC†s connected into groups of computers, but soon after, there came a need to connect those individual LANS together forming what is known as a Wide Area Network, or WAN, the result was a complex connection of omputers joined together using various types of interfaces and protocols. Figure 2 shows a modern day WAN. Last year, a survey of Fortune 500 companies showed that 15% of their total computer budget, 1. 6 Million dollars, was spent on network management (Rose, 115). Because of this, much attention has focused on two families of network management protocols: The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which comes from a de facto standards based background of TCP/IP communication, and the Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP), which derives from a de jure standards-based background associated with the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) (Fisher, 183). In this report I will cover advantages and disadvantages of both Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). , as well as discuss a new protocol for the future. I will also give some good reasons supporting why I believe that SNMP is a protocol that all network SNMP is a protocol that enables a management station to configure, monitor, and receive trap (alarm) messages from network devices. (Feit, 12). It is formally specified in a series of related Request for Comment (RFC) documents, listed here. The first protocol developed was the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). It was commonly considered to be a quickly designed â€Å"band-aid† solution to internetwork management difficulties while other, larger and better protocols were being designed. (Miller, 46). However, no better choice became available, and SNMP soon became the network management protocol of choice. It works very simply (as the name suggests): it exchanges network packets through messages (known as protocol data units (PDU)). The PDU contains variables that have both titles and values. There are five types of PDU†s which SNMP uses to onitor a network: two deal with reading terminal data, two with setting terminal data, and one called the trap, used for monitoring network events, such as terminal start-ups By far the largest advantage of SNMP over CMIP is that its design is simple, so it is as easy to use on a small network as well as on a large one, with ease of setup, and lack of stress on system resources. Also, the simple design makes it simple for the user to program system variables that they would like to monitor. Another major advantage to SNMP is that is in wide use today around the world. Because of it†s evelopment during a time when no other protocol of this type existed, it became very popular, and is a built in protocol supported by most major vendors of networking hardware, such as hubs, bridges, and routers, as well as majoring operating systems. It has even been put to use inside the Coca-Cola machines at Stanford University, in Palo Alto, California (Borsook, 48). Because of SNMP†s smaller size, it has even been implemented in such devices as toasters, compact disc players, and battery-operated barking dogs. In the 1990 Interop show, John Romkey, vice president of engineering or Epilogue, demonstrated that through an SNMP program running on a PC, you could control a standard toaster through a network (Miller, 57). SNMP is by no means a perfect network manager. But because of it†s simple design, these flaws can be fixed. The first problem realized by most companies is that there are some rather large security problems related with SNMP. Any decent hacker can easily access SNMP information, giving them any information about the network, and also the ability to potentially shut down systems on the network. You read "LAN and Network Mangements" in category "Essay examples" The latest version of SNMP, called SNMPv2, has added some security measures that were left out of SNMP, to combat the 3 largest problems plaguing SNMP: Privacy of Data (to prevent intruders from gaining access to information carried along the network), authentication (to prevent intruders from sending false data across the network), and access control (which restricts access of particular variables to certain users, thus removing the possibility of a user accidentally crashing the network). (Stallings, 213) The largest problem with SNMP, ironically enough, is the same thing that made it great; it†s simple design. Because it is so simple, the information it deals with is either detailed, nor well organized enough to deal with the growing networks of the This is mainly due to the quick creation of SNMP, because it was never designed to be the network management protocol of the 1990†³s. Like the previous flaw, this one too has been corrected with the new version, SNMPv2. This new version allows for more in-detail specification of variables, including the use of the table data structure for easier data retrieval. Also added are two new PDU†s that are used to manipulate the tabled objects. In fact, so many new features have been added that the formal pecifications for SNMP have expanded from 36 pages (with v1) to 416 pages with SNMPv2. (Stallings, 153) Some people might say that SNMPv2 has lost the simplicity, but the truth is that the changes were necessary, and could not have been avoided. A management station relies on the agent at a device to retrieve or update the information at the device. The information is viewed as a logical database, called a Management Information Base, or MIB. MIB modules describe MIB variables for a large variety of device types, computer hardware, and software components. The original MIB for Managing a TCP/IP internet (now called MIB-I) was defined in RFC 066 in August of 1988. It was updated in RFC 1156 in May of 1990. The MIB-II version published in RFC 1213 in May of 1991, contained some improvements, and has proved that it can do a good job of meeting basic TCP/IP management needs. MIB-II added many useful variables missing from MIB-I (Feit, 85). MIB files are common variables used not only by SNMP, but CMIP as well. In the late 1980†³s a project began, funded by governments, and large corporations. Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) was born. Many thought that because of it†s nearly infinite development budget, that it would quickly become in idespread use, and overthrow SNMP from it†s throne. Unfortunately, problems with its implementation have delayed its use, and it is now only available in limited form from developers themselves. (SNMP, Part 2 of 2, III. 40. ) CMIP was designed to be better than SNMP in every way by repairing all flaws, and expanding on what was good about it, making it a bigger and more detailed network manager. It†s design is similar to SNMP, where PDU†s are used as variables to monitor the network. CMIP however contains 11 types of PDU†s (compared to SNMP†s 5). In CMIP, the variables are seen as very complex and sophisticated data tructures with three attributes. These include: 1) Variable attributes: which represent the variables characteristics (its data 2) variable behaviors: what actions of that variable can be triggered. 3) Notifications: the variable generates an event report whenever a specified event occurs (eg. A terminal shutdown would cause a variable notification As a comparison, SNMP only employs variable properties from one and three above. The biggest feature of the CMIP protocol is that its variables not only relay information to and from the terminal (as in SNMP) , but they can also be used to perform tasks that would be impossible under SNMP. For instance, if a terminal on a network cannot reach the fileserver a pre-determined amount of times, then CMIP can notify appropriate personnel of the event. With SNMP however, a user would have to specifically tell it to keep track of unsuccessful attempts to reach the server, and then what to do when that variable reaches a limit. CMIP therefore results in a more efficient management system, and less work is required from the user to keep updated on the status of the network. CMIP also contains the security measures left out by SNMP. Because of the large development budget, when it becomes available, CMIP ill be widely used by the government, and the corporations that funded it. After reading the above paragraph, you might wonder why, if CMIP is this wonderful, is it not being used already? (after all, it had been in development for nearly 10 years) The answer is that possibly CMIP†s only major disadvantage, is enough in my opinion to render it useless. CMIP requires about ten times the system resources that are needed for SNMP. In other words, very few systems in the world would able to handle a full implementation on CMIP without undergoing massive network modifications. This disadvantage has no inexpensive fix to it. For that reason, many believe CMIP is doomed to fail. The other flaw in CMIP is that it is very difficult to program. Its complex nature requires so many different variables that only a few skilled programmers are able to use it to it†s full potential. Considering the above information, one can see that both management systems have their advantages and disadvantages. However the deciding factor between the two, lies with their implementation, for now, it is almost impossible to find a system with the necessary resources to support the CMIP model, even though it is superior to SNMP (v1 and v2) in both design and operation. Many people believe that the growing power of modern systems will soon fit well with CMIP model, and might result in it†s widespread use, but I believe by the time that day comes, SNMP could very well have adapted itself to become what CMIP currently offers, and more. As we†ve seen with other products, once a technology achieves critical mass, and a substantial installed base, it†s quite difficult to convince users to rip it out and start fresh with an new and unproven technology (Borsook, 48). It is then recommend that SNMP be used in a situation where minimial security is needed, and SNMPv2 be used Borsook, Paulina. How to cite LAN and Network Mangements, Essay examples

Wesfarmers Human Rights and Modern Slavery Statement

Question: Discuss about the Wesfarmers Human Rights and Modern Slavery Statement. Answer: Introduction: Wesfarmers Limited is amongst the topmost revenue generating multinational company in the nation. It is an Australian conglomerate and has the global headquarter located at Perth in Western Australia and the address of the same is 40 The Esplanade Perth, Western Australia (Wesfarmers, 2017a). Due to its operations being spread in different businesses, it falls in the industry of conglomerate and is a multi-industry company. Wesfarmers key operations are in the aspects of fertilizers, coal mining, chemicals, retail and industry and safety products (AMP Capital, 2015). And the major interests lie in Australia and NZ, along with UK, Bangladesh and Ireland (ASX, 2016) In 2000 companies, the company has been at the first position. Through supermarkets and its grocery stores, the majority of the companys income is generated. The company generated $66,216,000,000 as revenues for the year of 2016. The company has a diversified portfolio and it operates in areas like hardware and department stores. The post of CEO of the company has been known as MD in the company, and is held by Richard Goyder. The Chairman of the company has been known as Non-Executive Chairman in the company, and is held by Michael Chaney (IBIS, 2016). Wesfarmers had been declared as the biggest company with regards to the revenue of the company for the previous year. The company left its competitors far behind by attaining AU$65.98 billion as revenues. The Annual Report for the previous year shows that 220,000 people had been the employees of the company, due to which it is a largest private sector employer of the nation. The company also has considerable number of employees, which is over 3,300, and this is due to its present position (Wesfarmers, 2016a). In 1914, it was initially founded as being a cooperative and was responsible for making available the merchandise, as well as, the services to the Western Australian farmers. The first time when the company was listed over the ASX was in 1984. Since then, the company has been growing manifolds on yearly basis (Wesfarmers, 2017b). Even within its retail division, the company enjoys different operations, for instance, the supermarkets, the convenience stores, and office and hardware supplies. The brands of Wesfarmers Limited include Coles, which operates as a retailer of the groceries and a number of other household consumables; Kmart- retailer of general merchandise and apparel, along with handling of the automotive services department; Target- retailer for general merchandise, home wares and apparel; Home Improvement- run through Bunnings brand and has a chain of 357 trading locations in NZ and Australia; and lastly, Officeworks, which operates across the nation as a retail office supplies stores (IBIS, 2016). Regulatory Framework The regulatory framework which is applicable on any company in Australia includes the Acts, the Regulations, the Codes and the various other legislative mechanisms, which govern the entities having its operations in the nation. The following part covers a detail on some of the legislations which are applicable on the company. As the products are offered by the company to its consumers, the act which regulates the consumer behavior in Australia, i.e., the Competition and Consumer Act, 2002, which is an act of the Commonwealth, is applicable over the company. Certain changes were announced in 2016 by the Federal Government. As per these changes, when a business would have a major power over the act, due to which it can act in a way which can be stated as being competitive, and which also helps in attaining the benefits for the consumers, it would be unlawful when the same results in the competition being reduced due to the superior competitors making an exit from the market. This would result in the discouragement in the competition, which would increase the uncertainty for Wesfarmers. Not only is the business community against this proposal, even Wesfarmers has conveyed its disappointment to the Government. The reason for this is that the chances of litigations being raised against the company would be rai sed due to these changes in the provision of the act (Wesfarmers, 2016a). One of the retail businesses of Wesfarmers, i.e., Coles had been leading the command for development, as well as, implementation of the Food and Grocery Code of Conduct with the Australian Food and Grocery Council. Upon its ratification by the Parliament, Coles signed the same. This code is regulated by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission under the Competition and Consumer Act 2001. Wesfarmers, in its Annual Report 2016, has acknowledged that the increasing number of regulations in the nation was resulting in an unnecessary delay in the investments, which renders the operations of the company, as less effective. The activities of the company are subjected to a number of environmental regulations across the nation, in addition to the other nations in which the company operates (Wesfarmers, 2016a). Being registered as a company, Wesfarmers is also required to adhere to the Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth) and has to appoint its directors and other officers as per the criteria laid down in it, carry out the meetings, and make the disclosures as per this act. The example of one of such disclosure relates to the general standard of independence of the auditor through the Corporations Act 2001. Another example of the same is the disclosure as per section 237 of this act, pertaining to the proceedings brought on behalf of the company. The securities trading policy of Wesfarmers replicates the restrictions in the matter of the key management personnel of the company, where closely related parties are undertaken. A number of provisions pertaining to the remuneration of key personnel are also governed through the provisions of this act. The compliance with section 300A was also done as per this act. And also, the substantial shareholding for the purposes of Part 6C.1 of the Corporations Ac t 2001 was also made by Wesfarmers (Wesfarmers, 2016a). The Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 is also applicable on the company, which requires the company to comply with the requirements set out in this acts Division 83A for the Australian resident employees. The Wesfarmers Employee Share Acquisition Plan of the company qualified as a non-discriminatory share scheme for the employee as per the Division 83A. The company also has to adhere to different Accounting Standards, one of which is AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statement (Wesfarmers, 2016a). Treaties, Conventions or Agreements The previous segment covered the regulatory framework which is applicable on Wesfarmers, as a result of its operations in Australia. This necessitates a discussion over the various international treaties, covenants and agreements, which are applicable on Wesfarmers, to be discussed, which apply on the company owing to its global presence. In order to take a step towards the initiatives relating to sustainable future, Wesfarmers complies with the GRI Guidelines, which stands for the Global Reporting Initiative Guidelines. For the year of 2015, Wesfarmers has followed a number of GRI G4 Guidelines in different categories of economic, environmental and social, and under these headings, on the basis of different aspects. For instance, under the environmental category, in the energy aspect, Wesfarmers adhered to the G4-DMA and G4-EN5 and for emissions aspect, the G4-DMA, G4-EN15, G4-EN16, and G4-EN17were adhered to (Wesfarmers, 2015). The company is committed towards reducing the greenhouse gas emissions, for which, the company monitors and manages its own emissions in an active manner and makes attempts towards reducing the same. The company also understands the specific risks which are formed due to the changes in the climate for the business of the company and also attempts to reduce such risks. The company, for 2016, reduced its greenhouse emissions by more than 2% in comparison to 2015, and since 2012, the company has decreased the same by more than 30% (Wesfarmers, 2016a). The raison d'tre behind for working towards reduction in the greenhouse gas emissions is due to the international treaties like the UNCCC, i.e., United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. The international convention of UNFCCC was initiated in 1992, which works in the direction of stabilizing the emissions from the greenhouse gases, in order to decrease the degraded impact which they leave on the climate. UNFCCC helps in specifying the limits for the greenhouse gases, in place of specifying an international treaty (Harrison, 2013). Another similar treaty, which was formed in 1997, is the Kyoto Protocol. This is also focused upon reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. The raison d'tre behind this is due to global warming which is aptly present, and which results from the emission of carbon dioxide which has been formed due to the actions undertaken by man (Krber, Schwirzenbeck and Barth, 2008). The Kyoto Protocol implements the objectives of UNFCCC. Hence, both of these treaties work towards fighting global warming by reducing the concentration of the greenhouse gasses present in the atmosphere, by taking it to such a level through with the dangerous anthropogenic inte rferences with the climate system can be prevented (Massai, 2011). The Paris Agreement is one of the agreements within the UNFCCC, which deals with the mitigation and adaption for the greenhouse gases, along with the finance which starts in the year of 2020. Its language was negotiated amongst the representatives of 195 nations, which took place on December 12th 2015, at the 21st Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC, and was held in Paris (Blau, 2017). The Paris Agreement is aimed at enhancement of the UNFCCCs implementation by holding the increase in the global average temperature which is less than 2?C and also makes efforts towards limiting the increase to 1.5C and both these limits are over the pre-industrial levels (Bates, 2015). Recognizing that the climate change is due to human actions, and acknowledging that Wesfarmers and the nation of Australia have a huge rule in mitigation of the climate change, Wesfarmers takes various initiatives towards safeguarding the climate. Wesfarmers works towards this, for limiting the global warming to the levels of 1.5C 2C higher than the pre-industrial levels. Wesfarmers believes in working together with the industry and the government for achieving these desired outcomes. For the decarbonisation to take place in an efficient manner, the long term policy needs to have a certainty. Hence, the company has pledged to continue on improving the greenhouse gas efficiency in all of its operations, which would not only reduce the business risks and costs for the company, but would also contribute towards the mitigation of the climate change (Wesfarmers, 2017c). Wesfarmers also undertook steps to encourage the government to apply for the ERF, i.e., the Emissions Reduction Fund, so that the energy efficiency could be implemented across the retail business of Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers business takes the LED lights into use when the companys new stores are being developed. The company also makes the retrofitting of more than two million new and highly efficient light fittings in the stores which are already present in the nation and the same is also being done for the distribution centers of the company, within a period of seven years. By undertaking these initiatives, Wesfarmers would successfully avoid the addition values for fifteen thousand tones of CO2e every year, i.e., carbon dioxide equivalent annually (Wesfarmers, 2016b). As has been highlighted earlier, Target is one of businesses of the nation. For the year of 2016, Target took a comprehensive due diligence program for making certain that the importation of the regulated timbre products was not done from the illegally logged sources. This was due to the Federal Government of Australias initiative with regards to adherence to the Illegal Logging Act 2012 of the Europe, along with its regulations (Wesfarmers, 2016c). The human element plays a huge role in the Wesfarmers as a conglomerate. And so, a number of international treaties and covenants in this regard, have to be followed by the company. The company has also drawn a statement as per the Modern Slavery Act 2015s Section 54, Part 6, which is an act of the United Kingdom (Wesfarmers, 2016d). References AMP Capital. (2015) AMP Capital Sustainable Share Fund. [Online] AMP Capital. Available from: https://www.ampcapital.com.au/AMPCapitalAU/media/contents/Documents/Sustainable%20Share%20Fund/1503-ssf-stock-holdings.pdf?ext=.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] ASX. (2016) Wesfarmers. [Online] ASX. Available from: https://www.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20160921/pdf/43bbqf00p6wwcy.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Bates, A.K. (2015) The Paris Agreement: The Best Chance We Have to Save the One Planet We've Got. San Bernardino, CA: BOOK Publishing Company. Blau, J. (2017) The Paris Agreement: Climate Change, Solidarity, and Human Rights. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Harrison, J. (2013) The European Union and South Korea: The Legal Framework for Strengthening Trade, Economic and Political Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. IBIS. (2016) Wesfarmers Limited - Premium Company Report Australia. [Online] IBIS. Available from: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/australian-company-research-reports/retail-trade/wesfarmers-limited-company.html [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Krber, C., Schwirzenbeck, M. and Barth, K. (2008) The Kyoto Protocol. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Massai, L. (2011) The Kyoto Protocol in the EU: European Community and Member States under International and European Law. Prato, Italy: Springer Science Business Media. Wesfarmers. (2015) GRI G4 Content Index. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-data/gri-g4-content-index/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016a) 2016 Annual Report. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=4 [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016b) Stakeholder engagement. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-approach/stakeholder-engagement/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016c) 2016 Sustainability Report. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/media/1835/edited-extract-of-wesfarmers-2016-sustainability-report.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016d) Wesfarmers human rights and modern slavery statement. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-data/wesfarmers-human-rights-and-modern-slavery-statement/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017a) A New Head Office Wesfarmers House. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/who-we-are/our-history/a-new-head-office-wesfarmers-house [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017b) Our History. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/who-we-are/our-history [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017c) Environment. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-principles/environment/climate-change-resilience/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17]